The Exodus; The Philistines and “Sea People” Not the Same Entity; Who were the habiru; The period of the judges; Who were the phoenicians according to herodotus and diodorus siculus? To illustrate the problem clearly, Itamar Singer[xv] cited texts from the Emar region which state there was a year of hardship in which three qa of grain cost one silver shekel. [iv] Wachsmann, Shelley  “To the Sea of the Philistines”  The Sea Peoples and Their World: A Reassessment  (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum, 2000), p. 122. [xlvi] Sandars,  The Sea Peoples, p. 161. at the hands of the Sea Peoples, of whom the best known are the Philistines. and mixed with local Canaanites to create the Phoenicians. Going beyond the few traditionally-cited facts, this authoritative work also draws from interviews with leading archaeologists and historians on-site in the lands and islands where the Phoenicians lived and left clues regarding their secretive society. and mixed with local Canaanites to create the Phoenicians. [xxxviii] Van Soldt, W.H. "Hopefully our findings and other continuing research will cast further light on the origins and impact of Phoenician peoples and their culture," said Matisoo-Smith.”, Image Sources: Wikimedia Commons, The Louvre, The British Museum, Bardo Museum. Find books The Phoenician connection to the Druids has been made many times before, and my research also leads to the Phoenicians being the same as the Druids. Philistines, Phoenicians and Sea Peoples Some archeologist and historians believe a mysterious group known as the Sea People — perhaps ancestors of the Minoans — migrated to Lebanon around 1200 B.C. Further there was no evidence of widespread drought or famine in Greece prior to the Sea Peoples attacks. [xxxvii] Bryce,  The Kingdom of the Hittites, pp. The Phoenicians: Mysterious Sea People (Ancient Civilizations) Katherine Reece. It should be noted that the names of several groups among the Sea Peoples were not found anywhere in the Anatolian or Aegean regions, and might reasonably have designated people who came from the Black Sea area. A thick layer of charred wood and debris marks the sacking of the city by the Babylonians. Per The Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Phoenician people were most active around 1500 — 300 BCE and lived in the Levant region of the eastern Mediterranean. [xxxix] Murnane, William J. The Phoenicians made numerous contributions to human civilization, the most notable of which being the Phoenician alphabet, which is the ancestor of many other alphabets that are used today. [xxxv] To deal with this, warriors and ships in the Sea Peoples confederacy poured from Anatolia and the Black Sea into the Aegean, where they ravaged the Mycenaeans in their islands and on the Greek mainland. Before answering that question, let us examine the intense pressures which were mounting upon the Phoenicians. The historical record on them between 1,000 and 600 B.C. Phoenicians 1. They were not powerful, but they were a trade- based society. Pierre Grandet wrote: “Medinet Habu sources, both textual and iconographic, reduce this campaign to two main battles, addressing the twofold threat the Sea Peoples represented: first, the repelling of an attempted landing by a group of enemy ships, crushed between Egyptian warships coming from the high sea and Ramesses III’s infantry waiting for them on the shore; and second, an inland battle, fought against a migrating group of the same invaders, who possessed chariotry and were accompanied by carriages laden with their women, their children, and all their belongings . Instead of being a civilization of pleasure-seeking ignoramuses, archaeologists found that the Philistines were an industrious, innovative Iron Age civilization that grew rich from selling olives and dying cloth, and developed sophisticated metal tools and olive crushing machines. The winners, who constituted the Sea Peoples’ confederacy, were a) the tribes of people who came from Anatolia—and the lands to its north and west—who migrated into the Levant and onto islands across the Mediterranean, b) the Kaska who kept their original lands in the north of Anatolia on the Black Sea, and added the heart of the Hittite territories to their own, c) the West Anatolian people who remained in their own lands, but added some of the Hittite lands, and gained influence in the Aegean, and d) the Phoenicians who seem to have gained more than anyone else from the mass migration of the Land and Sea Peoples. For the Sea Peoples who lived in a small area of the Phoenicians ( New York: McGraw Hill 2000... Them how to send a book to Kindle various books and other publications band has been overseen Harvard... Byblos have been the first people to possess an alphabet this view was championed by D.... 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